Alternative I/O Models

This chapter discusses three alternatives to the conventional file I/O model that we have employed in most programs shown in this book:

1. I/O multiplexing (the select() and poll() system calls);
2. signal-driven I/O; and
3. the Linux-specific epoll API.

63.1 Overview

Most of the programs that we have presented so far in this book employ an I/O model under which a process performs I/O on just one file descriptor at a time, and each I/O system call blocks until the data is transferred.

We have already encountered two techniques that can be used to partially address these needs: nonblocking I/O and the use of multiple processes or threads.

We described nonblocking I/O in some detail in Sections 5.9 and 44.9.

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