RPM

https://rpm-packaging-guide.github.io/

如何不依赖 tarball 来实现

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17655265/is-it-possible-to-build-an-rpm-package-without-making-a-tar-gz-archive

Source1: php.conf
Source2: php.ini
Source3: macros.php

install -m 644 $RPM_SOURCE_DIR/php.conf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/etc/httpd/conf.d

%setup 修改 tarball 的位置

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4261565/newbie-rpmbuild-error

%post 和 %posttrans

在安装的时候，自动启动服务，只是:
- https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/packaging-guidelines/Scriptlets/#_syntax

posttrans 和 post 似乎只有这里才有意义 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22456217/rpm-scriptlet-ordering-for-install-remove-upgrade-using-yum

uninstall 的脚本

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29390573/rpm-spec-missing-uninstall-section
- %install : 安装文件的位置
- %files : 这里列举了所有的文件，当 uninstall 的时候，这些文件可以被自动删除
- %preun 和 %postun : uninstll 的时候脚本

rpm

yum install epel-release
- 为了安装 sshfs
- https://support.moonpoint.com/os/unix/linux/centos/epel_repository.php
- 但是在 Centos 8 中，这个方法没有用: yum –enablerepo=powertools install fuse-sshfs
rpm -qp –scripts ls.rpm
- 查询 rpm 安装的执行脚本

Centos 8 安装 neovim

yum install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
yum install -y neovim python3-neovim

rpm -qlp : 检查 rpm 中包含的内容
sudo yum list installed : 展示自动安装的内核
新安装的 Centos8 无法安装任何软件:
- 报错： Error: Failed to download metadata for repo ‘appstream’: Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist
- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70963985/error-failed-to-download-metadata-for-repo-appstream-cannot-prepare-internal
```
# sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
# sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
# dnf distro-sync
# dnf -y install java
```

如何创建软链接

https://serverfault.com/questions/82193/creating-symlink-in-usr-bin-when-creating-an-rpm

%{__ln_s} libcursor.so.%{version} %{buildroot}/usr/lib64/libcursor.so.1

文档

http://ftp.rpm.org/max-rpm/

[ ] https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/330186/where-does-modprobe-load-a-driver-that-udev-requests

modporbe 是如何工作的

查找 changelog

rpm -q –changelog php

less

-ba 和 -bb

https://bodhileafy.wordpress.com/2017/09/11/howto-rpmbuild-ba-and-rpmbuild-bb/

rpmbuild -ba and rpmbuild -bb are for spec files. rpmbuild -ba will generate both source and binary – src.rpm and .rpm rpmbuild -bb will generate binary only .rpm

%post 的作用

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/packaging-guidelines/Scriptlets/#_syntax

yum clean all

使用 aliyun 的源之后，

curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

yum makecache 存在如下报错:

[root@localhost 14:22:59 yum.repos.d]$ yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
base                                                                                                                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
Not using downloaded base/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
  Current   : Wed Jul 10 11:42:30 2024
  Downloaded: Fri Oct 30 04:03:00 2020
extras                                                                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
Not using downloaded extras/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
  Current   : Wed Jul 10 11:42:34 2024
  Downloaded: Wed Apr  3 01:41:49 2024
updates                                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
Not using downloaded updates/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
  Current   : Wed Jul 10 11:42:52 2024
  Downloaded: Sat Jun 22 00:30:50 2024
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Metadata Cache Created

这个时候 yum clean all 可以解决问题

rpm macros

https://github.com/openeuler-mirror/openEuler-rpm-config/blob/master/macros

依赖关系

rpm -qp mypackage.rpm –provides rpm -qp mypackage.rpm –requires

避免额外依赖

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16598201/disable-rpmbuild-automatic-requirement-finding 在 spec 中添加

AutoReqProv: no

rpmbuild –showrc

https://www.ichenfu.com/2017/11/20/rpmbuild-not-strip/

rpmbuild –showrc nixos 下，似乎很多环境都不太正常的

rpm uninstll 和 remove 的区别

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7398834/rpm-upgrade-uninstalls-the-rpm

Install the first time:          1
Upgrade:                         2 or higher
                                 (depending on the number of versions installed)
Remove last version of package:  0

如何让 rpmbuild 不去 strip 一些文件

文件的冲突标准是，两个 pkg 提供的包是不是一模一样的

调试小技巧

repoquery : 展示 repo 中有什么东西

真的给我干蒙了

 rpm --eval '%{__spec_install_post}'

–test 来测试而不是真的安装

rpm -ivh –test python3-perf rpm -Uvh –test python3-perf

rpm 常用命令

rpm -qa 查询当前系统中安装的所有的包
rpm -ivh –force –nodeps url
rpm -Uvh url : vh 升级的时候打出来进度条和日志，但是，-U 和 -i 的区别是升级和安装。
rpm -qf 可以找到一个文件对应的包
rpm -q –changelog php
rpm -ql bison.rpm 检查 rpm 中存在多少文件
rpm -qp bison.rpm 检查这就是一个 rpm 文件
rpm -q –scripts 执行脚本
rpm -ql 系统已经存在的一个包
rpm -qlp htop.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum whatprovides xxd

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